Incomplete flux linkage

• Magnetic field can always be detected near transformers, which means the magnetic field created by the primary coil doesn’t pass through the secondary coil completely.
• strategies used to reduce flux leakage are:
  • a core of soft iron which can be easily magnetised.
  • the winding design is changed. For example the secondary coil is wound over the primary coil.

Resistive heat production and eddy currents

• the coils heat up due to resistance. Thus energy is lost as heat.
• the changing magnetic field passing through the iron core creates eddy currents
• Strategies adopted to combat these problems include:
  • The iron core is constructed with multiple layers of iron which are coated with insulators.
  • use ferrites as cores.