Compare the processes and outcomes of reproductive technologies
Compare the processes and outcomes of reproductive technologies, including but not limited to:
- artificial insemination
- artificial pollination
Artificial Insemination:
- Process of introducing a sperm in a woman’s cervix for fertilization to occur.
- It is a fertility treatment for humans, and is common practice in animal breeding, including dairy cattle and pigs.
- Processes:
- Intracervical Insemination (ICI):
- Involves the introduction of unwashed or raw semen into the vagina at the entrance to the cervix, usually by means of a needleless syringe.
- Is the most common technique of insemination and is painless.
- Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
- Involves inserting sperm past the cervix and directly into the uterus.
- The semen is prepared or “washed” to remove potential proteins that could affect fertilization. This also makes the sperm more concentrated. Ideally, this will increase the likelihood a woman will conceive.
- IUI is a more efficient method of artificial insemination than ICI and, generally has a higher success rate.
- Intratubal insemination:
- Involves injection of washed sperm into the fallopian tube.
- This method is not regarded beneficial and thus not practiced.
- Intracervical Insemination (ICI):
- Advantages and outcomes:
- Overcomes barriers of male sterility.
- In animal breeding, variety can be developed by introducing semen of a distantly related specie.
Artificial Pollination:
- Intervened by humans, artificial pollination is the phenomenon where humans transfer pollen grains from one plant to another.
- Can be done by two processes:
- Mechanical Pollination:
- Pollen grains are spread by a small aircraft or drone on a large area.
- Is not very efficient because the probes dust the pollen grains in the air and some pollen grains might not reach the flowers.
- Hand Pollination:
- In this process human beings transfer pollen grains from one flower to another by the means of forceps.
- More efficient as compared to mechanical pollination because pollen transfer is much more precise.
- Mechanical Pollination:
- Advantages and outcomes:
- Facilitates hybridization because in this pollination method, inter-specific pollen transfer can be done.
- Increases variety
- Useful in conditions where natural carriers of pollen grains such as insects are less
Extract from HSC Biology Stage 6 Syllabus. © 2017 Board of Studies NSW.
EasyBio > Genetic Change > Genetic Technologies > Compare the processes and outcomes of reproductive technologies
Compare the processes and outcomes of reproductive technologies, including but not limited to:
- artificial insemination
- artificial pollination
Artificial Insemination:
- Process of introducing a sperm in a woman’s cervix for fertilization to occur.
- It is a fertility treatment for humans, and is common practice in animal breeding, including dairy cattle and pigs.
- Processes:
- Intracervical Insemination (ICI):
- Involves the introduction of unwashed or raw semen into the vagina at the entrance to the cervix, usually by means of a needleless syringe.
- Is the most common technique of insemination and is painless.
- Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
- Involves inserting sperm past the cervix and directly into the uterus.
- The semen is prepared or “washed” to remove potential proteins that could affect fertilization. This also makes the sperm more concentrated. Ideally, this will increase the likelihood a woman will conceive.
- IUI is a more efficient method of artificial insemination than ICI and, generally has a higher success rate.
- Intratubal insemination:
- Involves injection of washed sperm into the fallopian tube.
- This method is not regarded beneficial and thus not practiced.
- Advantages and outcomes:
- Overcomes barriers of male sterility.
- In animal breeding, variety can be developed by introducing semen of a distantly related specie.
Artificial Pollination:
- Intervened by humans, artificial pollination is the phenomenon where humans transfer pollen grains from one plant to another.
- Can be done by two processes:
- Mechanical Pollination:
- Pollen grains are spread by a small aircraft or drone on a large area.
- Is not very efficient because the probes dust the pollen grains in the air and some pollen grains might not reach the flowers.
- Hand Pollination:
- In this process human beings transfer pollen grains from one flower to another by the means of forceps.
- More efficient as compared to mechanical pollination because pollen transfer is much more precise.
- Advantages and outcomes:
- Facilitates hybridization because in this pollination method, inter-specific pollen transfer can be done.
- Increases variety
- Useful in conditions where natural carriers of pollen grains such as insects are less
Extract from HSC Biology Stage 6 Syllabus. © 2017 Board of Studies NSW.