Job design: where managers develop and specify the work activities of individuals or groups within the business environment and involves the process of determining the type of tasks an employee will compete within the workforce.

• Effective job design often leads to increased productivity and efficiency within the workforce through increased job satisfaction.

Job satisfaction: the extent to which employees are satisfied working in their current position within the business.

Job enrichment: seeks to make use of employee’s talents and abilities within the workplace.

Job rotation: when an employee is moved through a variety of tasks so as to increase their individual skill development and minimise boredom associated with repetitive tasks.

The job design process must evaluate:

• Who does the job?
• What needs to be done?
• Where the task must be completed?
• When to complete the task?
• How to complete the task?

There are Two approaches to job design:

• Specific
  • Low autonomy
  • Division of labour

• General
  • High autonomy
  • Focus on improving the quality of work activities
  • Undoing negative effects of division of labour